Difference between revisions of "User:Tohline/Appendix/Ramblings/BiPolytrope51ContinueSearch"

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</tr>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
where, <math>~\alpha_g \equiv (3 - 4/\gamma_g)</math>.
where, <math>~\alpha_g \equiv (3 - 4/\gamma_g)</math>. Alternatively &#8212; see, for example, our [[User:Tohline/SSC/Stability/Polytropes#Numerical_Integration_from_the_Center.2C_Outward|introductory discussion]] &#8212; for polytropic configurations we may write,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~0 </math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~\frac{d^2x}{d\xi^2} + \biggl[4 - (n+1) \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \theta}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)\biggr] \frac{1}{\xi} \frac{dx}{d\xi} +
\biggl\{ \frac{(n+1)}{\theta} \biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{6\gamma_g}\biggr] 
-
(n+1) \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \theta}{d\ln \xi} \biggr) \frac{\alpha_g}{\xi^2 } \biggr\}  x \, .</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>


===Applied to the Core===
===Applied to the Core===
Line 99: Line 116:
<tr>
<tr>
   <td align="right">
   <td align="right">
<math>~\Rightarrow ~~~ 0</math>
<math>~\Rightarrow ~~~ \biggl( \frac{3}{4\pi} \biggr) \cdot 0</math>
   </td>
   </td>
   <td align="center">
   <td align="center">
Line 165: Line 182:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\frac{1}{2} \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)^2
\frac{1}{2} \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)
+ \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ 2 -  \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+ \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ 2 -  \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
Line 181: Line 198:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{2}{3^2 \cdot 5^2}\biggr)
- \frac{1}{3}
- \biggl( \frac{2^2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
Line 189: Line 205:
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
Now, if we set <math>~\sigma_c^2 = 0</math> and <math>~\gamma_g = \gamma_c = \tfrac{6}{5} ~~\Rightarrow ~~ \alpha_g = -1/3</math>, we have,
Now, if we set <math>~\sigma_c^2 = 0</math> and <math>~\gamma_g = \gamma_c = \tfrac{6}{5} ~~\Rightarrow ~~ \alpha_g = -1/3</math>, we find that the terms on the RHS sum to zero.  It therefore appears that we have identified a dimensionless displacement function that satisfies the ''core'' LAWE.
 
<!--  SHOW THAT LAWE IS SATISFIED IN THE CORE
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">


Line 202: Line 218:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{2}{3^2 \cdot 5^2}\biggr)
- \frac{1}{3}
- \biggl( \frac{2^2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \cancelto{0}{\frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}}  ~+~\frac{1}{3} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
+  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \cancelto{0}{\frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}}}  ~+~\frac{1}{3} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2}  \biggr]  \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr]
Line 218: Line 233:
   </td>
   </td>
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~\frac{2}{3^2\cdot 5^2}\biggl(1 - 30  \biggr)
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{2}{3^2 \cdot 5^2}\biggr)
- \frac{1}{3}
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+ \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr]
+  \frac{1}{3} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1}
+  \frac{1}{3} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1}
- \frac{\xi^2}{3^2\cdot 5}  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1}  
- \frac{\xi^2}{3^2\cdot 5}  \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1}  
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
- \frac{1}{3}
+ \biggl(1 + \frac{\xi^2}{3}\biggr)^{-1} \biggl\{
\biggl( \frac{2}{3 \cdot 5}\biggr)\xi^2 + \frac{1}{3} - \frac{\xi^2}{3^2\cdot 5}
\biggr\}
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
- \frac{1}{3}
+ \biggl(1 + \frac{\xi^2}{3}\biggr)^{-1} \biggl\{
\xi^2 + 3
\biggr\} \biggl( \frac{5}{3^2\cdot 5}\biggr)
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~0 \, .
</math>
</math>
   </td>
   </td>
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
END SHOWING THAT LAWE SUMS TO ZERO -->


===Applied to the Envelope===
===Applied to the Envelope===
Line 241: Line 305:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2}\eta  \, ;</math>
<math>~\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2}\eta  \, ;</math>
  </td>
<td align="center">&nbsp; &nbsp; </td>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi(\eta)^{-1}
\, ;
</math>
  </td>
<td align="center">&nbsp; &nbsp; </td>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{M_r^*}{r^*}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr)
\, .
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
So the relevant ''envelope'' LAWE becomes,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\mathrm{LAWE}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{d^2x}{dr*^2} + \biggl\{ 4 -\biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}\biggr)\frac{ M_r^*}{r^*}\biggr\}\frac{1}{r^*} \frac{dx}{dr*}
+ \biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{ P^* } \biggr)\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g} M_r^*}{(r^*)^3}\biggr\}  x
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2}
+ \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i  \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr]
\biggr\}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta}
</math>
   </td>
   </td>
</tr>
</tr>
Line 246: Line 371:
<tr>
<tr>
   <td align="right">
   <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}</math>
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
+ \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2}
\biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i  \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\biggr\}  x
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\Rightarrow ~~~ \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{2} \theta^{4}_i (2\pi) \biggr]^{-1} \cdot~ \mathrm{LAWE}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2}
+ \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i  \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr]
\biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta}
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
+ \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{2} \theta^{4}_i (2\pi) \biggr]^{-1} 
~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2}
\biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr]  \biggr\}  x
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2}
+ \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ 2  \biggl(-\frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln \eta} \biggr) \biggr]
\biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta}
+ \biggl\{ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-5}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]
~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggl[ 2 \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln \eta} \biggr) \biggr]  \biggr\}  x
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
   </td>
   </td>
   <td align="center">
   <td align="center">
Line 253: Line 443:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi(\eta)^{-1}
\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2}
\, ;
+ \biggl\{ 4 - 2Q_\eta
\biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta}
+ \biggl\{ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-5}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]
~-~(2Q_\eta)\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggr\}  x
</math>
</math>
   </td>
   </td>
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
where,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">


<tr>
<tr>
   <td align="right">
   <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{M_r^*}{r^*}</math>
<math>~\phi(\eta)</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~\frac{A\sin(\eta - B)}{\eta}</math>
  </td>
<td align="center">&nbsp; &nbsp; and &nbsp; &nbsp;</td>
  <td align="right">
<math>~Q_\eta</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~\equiv</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~- \frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln\eta} = \biggl[1 - \eta\cot(\eta-B) \biggr] \, .</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
If we set <math>~\sigma_c^2 = 0</math> and <math>~\gamma_g = \gamma_e = 2 ~~\Rightarrow ~~ \alpha_g = +1</math>, the envelope LAWE simplifies to the form,
 
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~ \biggl(\frac{r^*}{\eta}\biggr)^2 \cdot~ \mathrm{LAWE}</math>
   </td>
   </td>
   <td align="center">
   <td align="center">
Line 268: Line 489:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-2} \theta^{-1}_i \biggl( \frac{2}{\pi} \biggr)^{1/2} \biggl(-\eta^2 \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr)
\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2}  
\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2}\eta \biggr]^{-1}
+ \biggl\{ 4 - 2Q_\eta
=
\biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta}  
2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \eta \biggl(-\eta^2 \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr)
- \biggl\{ \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^2} \biggr\}  x \, .
\, .
</math>
</math>
   </td>
   </td>
</tr>
</tr>
</table>
</table>
So the relevant ''envelope'' LAWE becomes,


In [[User:Tohline/Appendix/Ramblings/BiPolytrope51AnalyticStability#Attempt_4B|yet another ''Ramblings Appendix'' derivation]] we have explored a trial dimensionless displacement for the envelope of the form,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~x_P\biggr|_\mathrm{env} </math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~= \frac{3c_0}{\eta^2} \cdot Q_\eta \, .</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
In this case,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{1}{3c_0}\cdot \frac{dx_P}{d\eta}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~\frac{1}{\eta^2} \frac{dQ_\eta}{d\eta} - \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3} </math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{1}{\eta^2}\biggl[\eta -\cot(\eta - B)
+\eta\cot^2(\eta - B)
\biggr]
- \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3}
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{1}{\eta^3 \sin^2(\eta-B)} \biggl[\eta^2 + \eta\sin(\eta-B)\cos(\eta-B)  -2\sin^2(\eta-B)\biggr]
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{1}{\eta\sin^2(\eta - B)} + \frac{\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^2} - \frac{2}{\eta^3}
\, ;</math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{1}{3c_0}\cdot \frac{d^2x_P}{d\eta^2}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{d}{d\eta}\biggl[\frac{1}{\eta\sin^2(\eta - B)} + \frac{\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^2} - \frac{2}{\eta^3} \biggr] </math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{6}{\eta^4} - \frac{2\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^3} - \frac{2}{\eta^2\sin^2(\eta-B)} - \frac{2\cos(\eta-B)}{\eta \sin^3(\eta-B)}
\, ,
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
and [[User:Tohline/Appendix/Ramblings/BiPolytrope51AnalyticStability#proof|it can be shown]] that the simplified ''envelope'' LAWE is perfectly satisfied.  Notice that, with this adopted segment of the eigenfunction for the envelope, we have,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">


<tr>
<tr>
   <td align="right">
   <td align="right">
<math>~0</math>
<math>~\frac{d\ln x_P}{d\ln\eta}\biggr|_\mathrm{env} = \frac{\eta^3}{3c_0 Q_\eta}\cdot \frac{dx_P}{d\eta}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{\eta^3}{Q_\eta} \biggl\{ \frac{1}{\eta^2}\biggl[\eta -\cot(\eta - B)
+\eta\cot^2(\eta - B)
\biggr]
- \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3} \biggr\}
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{1}{Q_\eta} \biggl[\eta^2 - \eta \cot(\eta - B)
+\eta^2 \cot^2(\eta - B)
\biggr]
- 2
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~
\frac{[\eta^2 - 2 + \eta \cot(\eta - B)+\eta^2 \cot^2(\eta - B) ] }{[1 - \eta\cot(\eta-B)]} 
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
 
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
   </td>
   </td>
   <td align="center">
   <td align="center">
Line 290: Line 658:
   <td align="left">
   <td align="left">
<math>~
<math>~
\frac{d^2x}{dr*^2} + \biggl\{ 4 -\biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}\biggr)\frac{ M_r^*}{(r^*)}\biggr\}\frac{1}{r^*} \frac{dx}{dr*}
\frac{[\eta^2 - 2\sin^2(\eta-B) + \eta \sin(\eta-B) \cos(\eta - B) ] }{[\sin^2(\eta-B) - \eta \sin(\eta-B) \cos(\eta-B)]}  \, .
+ \biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{ P^* } \biggr)\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}  ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g} M_r^*}{(r^*)^3}\biggr\}  x \, ,
</math>
</math>
  </td>
</tr>
</table>
==Interface Matching==
According to our [[User:Tohline/SSC/Stability/BiPolytropes#Interface_Conditions|accompanying discussion]] of the interface matching condition &#8212; as we presently understand it &#8212; the proper eigenfunction will exhibit a discontinuity in the slope of the dimensionless displacement function such that,
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" align="center">
<tr>
  <td align="right">
<math>~\frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{env}}{d\ln \eta} \biggr|_{\eta=\eta_i}</math>
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~3\biggl(\frac{\gamma_c}{\gamma_e}  -1\biggr) + \frac{\gamma_c}{\gamma_e} \biggl( \frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{core}}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)_{\xi=\xi_i} </math>
  </td>
</tr>
<tr>
  <td align="right">
&nbsp;
  </td>
  <td align="center">
<math>~=</math>
  </td>
  <td align="left">
<math>~\frac{3}{5}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{core}}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)_{\xi=\xi_i} -2 \biggr] \, .</math>
   </td>
   </td>
</tr>
</tr>

Latest revision as of 16:04, 19 May 2019

Continue Search for Marginally Unstable (5,1) Bipolytropes

This Ramblings Appendix chapter — see also, various trials — provides some detailed trial derivations in support of the accompanying, thorough discussion of this topic.


Whitworth's (1981) Isothermal Free-Energy Surface
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Key Differential Equation

In an accompanying discussion, we derived the so-called,

Linear Adiabatic Wave (or Radial Pulsation) Equation

LSU Key.png

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{dr_0^2} + \biggl[\frac{4}{r_0} - \biggl(\frac{g_0 \rho_0}{P_0}\biggr) \biggr] \frac{dx}{dr_0} + \biggl(\frac{\rho_0}{\gamma_\mathrm{g} P_0} \biggr)\biggl[\omega^2 + (4 - 3\gamma_\mathrm{g})\frac{g_0}{r_0} \biggr] x = 0 </math>

whose solution gives eigenfunctions that describe various radial modes of oscillation in spherically symmetric, self-gravitating fluid configurations. After adopting an appropriate set of variable normalizations — as detailed here — this becomes,

<math>~0</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{dr*^2} + \biggl\{ 4 -\biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}\biggr)\frac{ M_r^*}{(r^*)}\biggr\}\frac{1}{r^*} \frac{dx}{dr*} + \biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{ P^* } \biggr)\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g} M_r^*}{(r^*)^3}\biggr\} x \, , </math>

where, <math>~\alpha_g \equiv (3 - 4/\gamma_g)</math>. Alternatively — see, for example, our introductory discussion — for polytropic configurations we may write,

<math>~0 </math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\frac{d^2x}{d\xi^2} + \biggl[4 - (n+1) \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \theta}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)\biggr] \frac{1}{\xi} \frac{dx}{d\xi} + \biggl\{ \frac{(n+1)}{\theta} \biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{6\gamma_g}\biggr] - (n+1) \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \theta}{d\ln \xi} \biggr) \frac{\alpha_g}{\xi^2 } \biggr\} x \, .</math>

Applied to the Core

As we have already summarized in an accompanying discussion, throughout the core we have,

<math>~r^*</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\biggl( \frac{3}{2\pi} \biggr)^{1/2} \xi \, ;</math>

     

<math>~\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2} \, ;</math>

     

<math>~\frac{M_r^*}{r^*}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ 2 \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3/2} \, . </math>

So the relevant core LAWE becomes,

<math>~0</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \biggl( \frac{2\pi}{3} \biggr) \frac{d^2x}{d\xi^2} + \biggl( \frac{2\pi}{3} \biggr) \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2} \biggl[ 2 \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2} \biggr]\biggr\}\frac{1}{\xi} \frac{dx}{d\xi} + \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\biggl( \frac{2\pi}{3} \biggr)\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g} }{\xi^2} \biggl[ 2 \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2} \biggr] \biggr\} x </math>

<math>~\Rightarrow ~~~ \biggl( \frac{3}{4\pi} \biggr) \cdot 0</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{2}\cdot \frac{d^2x}{d\xi^2} + \biggl[ 2 - \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr] \frac{1}{\xi} \frac{dx}{d\xi} + \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2} \biggr] x \, . </math>

Now, following our separate discussion of an analytic solution to this LAWE, we try,

<math>~x_P\biggr|_\mathrm{core}</math>

<math>~\equiv</math>

<math>~1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}</math>

<math>~\Rightarrow~~~\frac{dx_P}{d\xi}\biggr|_\mathrm{core}</math>

<math>~\equiv</math>

<math>~- \frac{2\xi}{15} </math>

<math>~\Rightarrow~~~\frac{d\ln x_P}{d\ln \xi}\biggr|_\mathrm{core}</math>

<math>~\equiv</math>

<math>~- \frac{2\xi^2}{15} \biggl[ \frac{(15 - \xi^2)}{15} \biggr]^{-1} = - \frac{2\xi^2}{(15 - \xi^2)} \, .</math>

Plugging this trial function into the relevant LAWE gives,

LAWE

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{2} \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr) + \biggl( -\frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ 2 - \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr] + \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2} \biggr] \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr] </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ - \frac{1}{3} + \biggl( \frac{2}{3\cdot 5}\biggr)\biggl[ \xi^2 \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-1} \biggr] + \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{1 / 2}\biggl[ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{2\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\alpha_\mathrm{g} \biggl( 1 + \frac{1}{3}\xi^2 \biggr)^{-3 / 2} \biggr] \biggl[1 - \frac{\xi^2}{15}\biggr] </math>

Now, if we set <math>~\sigma_c^2 = 0</math> and <math>~\gamma_g = \gamma_c = \tfrac{6}{5} ~~\Rightarrow ~~ \alpha_g = -1/3</math>, we find that the terms on the RHS sum to zero. It therefore appears that we have identified a dimensionless displacement function that satisfies the core LAWE.

Applied to the Envelope

And as we have also summarized in the same accompanying discussion, throughout the envelope we have,

<math>~r^*</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2}\eta \, ;</math>

   

<math>~\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi(\eta)^{-1} \, ; </math>

   

<math>~\frac{M_r^*}{r^*}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \, . </math>

So the relevant envelope LAWE becomes,

<math>~\mathrm{LAWE}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{dr*^2} + \biggl\{ 4 -\biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{P^*}\biggr)\frac{ M_r^*}{r^*}\biggr\}\frac{1}{r^*} \frac{dx}{dr*} + \biggl(\frac{\rho^*}{ P^* } \biggr)\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g} M_r^*}{(r^*)^3}\biggr\} x </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2} + \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggr\}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta} </math>

 

 

<math>~ + \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-2}_i (2\pi)^{-1/2} \biggr]^{-2}\biggr\} x </math>

<math>~\Rightarrow ~~~ \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{2} \theta^{4}_i (2\pi) \biggr]^{-1} \cdot~ \mathrm{LAWE}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2} + \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta} </math>

 

 

<math>~ + \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr) \theta^{-1}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr]\biggl\{ \frac{2\pi \sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{2} \theta^{4}_i (2\pi) \biggr]^{-1} ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggl[ 2 \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta_i \biggl(-\eta \frac{d\phi}{d\eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggr\} x </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2} + \biggl\{ 4 - \biggl[ 2 \biggl(-\frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln \eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta} + \biggl\{ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-5}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] ~-~\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggl[ 2 \biggl(- \frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln \eta} \biggr) \biggr] \biggr\} x </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2} + \biggl\{ 4 - 2Q_\eta \biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta} + \biggl\{ \frac{\sigma_c^2}{3\gamma_\mathrm{g}} \biggl[ \biggl( \frac{\mu_e}{\mu_c} \biggr)^{-1} \theta^{-5}_i \phi^{-1}\biggr] ~-~(2Q_\eta)\frac{\alpha_\mathrm{g}}{\eta^2} \biggr\} x </math>

where,

<math>~\phi(\eta)</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\frac{A\sin(\eta - B)}{\eta}</math>

    and    

<math>~Q_\eta</math>

<math>~\equiv</math>

<math>~- \frac{d\ln \phi}{d\ln\eta} = \biggl[1 - \eta\cot(\eta-B) \biggr] \, .</math>

If we set <math>~\sigma_c^2 = 0</math> and <math>~\gamma_g = \gamma_e = 2 ~~\Rightarrow ~~ \alpha_g = +1</math>, the envelope LAWE simplifies to the form,

<math>~ \biggl(\frac{r^*}{\eta}\biggr)^2 \cdot~ \mathrm{LAWE}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d^2x}{d\eta^2} + \biggl\{ 4 - 2Q_\eta \biggr\} \frac{1}{\eta} \frac{dx}{d\eta} - \biggl\{ \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^2} \biggr\} x \, . </math>


In yet another Ramblings Appendix derivation we have explored a trial dimensionless displacement for the envelope of the form,

<math>~x_P\biggr|_\mathrm{env} </math>

<math>~= \frac{3c_0}{\eta^2} \cdot Q_\eta \, .</math>

In this case,

<math>~\frac{1}{3c_0}\cdot \frac{dx_P}{d\eta}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\frac{1}{\eta^2} \frac{dQ_\eta}{d\eta} - \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3} </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{\eta^2}\biggl[\eta -\cot(\eta - B) +\eta\cot^2(\eta - B) \biggr] - \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3} </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{\eta^3 \sin^2(\eta-B)} \biggl[\eta^2 + \eta\sin(\eta-B)\cos(\eta-B) -2\sin^2(\eta-B)\biggr] </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{\eta\sin^2(\eta - B)} + \frac{\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^2} - \frac{2}{\eta^3} \, ;</math>

<math>~\frac{1}{3c_0}\cdot \frac{d^2x_P}{d\eta^2}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{d}{d\eta}\biggl[\frac{1}{\eta\sin^2(\eta - B)} + \frac{\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^2} - \frac{2}{\eta^3} \biggr] </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{6}{\eta^4} - \frac{2\cot(\eta-B)}{\eta^3} - \frac{2}{\eta^2\sin^2(\eta-B)} - \frac{2\cos(\eta-B)}{\eta \sin^3(\eta-B)} \, , </math>

and it can be shown that the simplified envelope LAWE is perfectly satisfied. Notice that, with this adopted segment of the eigenfunction for the envelope, we have,

<math>~\frac{d\ln x_P}{d\ln\eta}\biggr|_\mathrm{env} = \frac{\eta^3}{3c_0 Q_\eta}\cdot \frac{dx_P}{d\eta}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{\eta^3}{Q_\eta} \biggl\{ \frac{1}{\eta^2}\biggl[\eta -\cot(\eta - B) +\eta\cot^2(\eta - B) \biggr] - \frac{2Q_\eta}{\eta^3} \biggr\} </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{1}{Q_\eta} \biggl[\eta^2 - \eta \cot(\eta - B) +\eta^2 \cot^2(\eta - B) \biggr] - 2 </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{[\eta^2 - 2 + \eta \cot(\eta - B)+\eta^2 \cot^2(\eta - B) ] }{[1 - \eta\cot(\eta-B)]} </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~ \frac{[\eta^2 - 2\sin^2(\eta-B) + \eta \sin(\eta-B) \cos(\eta - B) ] }{[\sin^2(\eta-B) - \eta \sin(\eta-B) \cos(\eta-B)]} \, . </math>

Interface Matching

According to our accompanying discussion of the interface matching condition — as we presently understand it — the proper eigenfunction will exhibit a discontinuity in the slope of the dimensionless displacement function such that,

<math>~\frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{env}}{d\ln \eta} \biggr|_{\eta=\eta_i}</math>

<math>~=</math>

<math>~3\biggl(\frac{\gamma_c}{\gamma_e} -1\biggr) + \frac{\gamma_c}{\gamma_e} \biggl( \frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{core}}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)_{\xi=\xi_i} </math>

 

<math>~=</math>

<math>~\frac{3}{5}\biggl[ \biggl( \frac{d\ln x_\mathrm{core}}{d\ln \xi} \biggr)_{\xi=\xi_i} -2 \biggr] \, .</math>

See Also


Whitworth's (1981) Isothermal Free-Energy Surface

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Recommended citation:   Tohline, Joel E. (2021), The Structure, Stability, & Dynamics of Self-Gravitating Fluids, a (MediaWiki-based) Vistrails.org publication, https://www.vistrails.org/index.php/User:Tohline/citation